3S: Behavioral Response Studies of Cetaceans to Navy Sonar Signals in Norwegian Waters
نویسنده
چکیده
Another goal of the program is to assess the effectiveness of “ramp-up,” a common mitigation protocol in which source levels are gradually increased prior to the onset of full-level transmissions. Ramp-up is thought to give nearby animals some time to move away before sonar transmissions reach maximum levels. However, it is unknown whether or not this protocol is actually effective. We have developed a new experimental design to test whether ‘ramp-up’ is an effective protocol to reduce risk of harm and our goal is to conduct experiments to test the effectiveness of ramp-up in humpback whales.
منابع مشابه
Navy Sonar Signals in Norwegian Waters : Behavioral Response Studies of Cetaceans to
Data on the responsiveness of cetaceans to sonar signals are lacking, with only a few species having been studied in relation to a few types of sonar signals, mostly SURTASS-LFA (Nowacek et al., 2007). Marine mammals have been shown to react to underwater noise (Richardson et al., 1995), and captive research has documented hearing (Schlundt et al., 2000) and stress (Romano et al., 2004) effects...
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The long term goal of this international cooperative research program is to investigate behavioral reactions and the sound exposures required to elicit them of herring, killer whales, pilot whales and sperm whales to Low Frequency Active Sonar (LFAS) and Mid Frequency Active Sonar (MFAS) signals, in order to establish safety limits for sonar operations for these species. The hypothesis that we ...
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Data on the responsiveness of free-ranging cetaceans to mid-frequency sonar signals are lacking, with only a few species having been studied in relation to a few types of sonar signals, mostly SURTASSLFA (Nowacek et al., 2007). This specific project was initially motivated by observations of possible killer whale (Orcinus orca) reactions to sonars, in the Vestfjord basin of Norway and the USS S...
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The long term goal of the 3S international cooperative research program is to investigate behavioral reactions of cetaceans to naval sonar and various control sounds, and the sound exposures required to elicit responses, in order to establish safety limits for sonar operations. 3S project efforts have been focused upon informing the ‘exposure-effect assessment’ component of a full risk-assessme...
متن کاملA Study to Interpret the Biological Significance of Behavior Associated with 3S Experimental Sonar Exposures
The long term goal of the 3S international cooperative research program is to investigate behavioral reactions of cetaceans to naval sonar and various control sounds, and the sound exposures required to elicit responses, in order to establish safety limits for sonar operations. 3S project efforts have been focused upon informing the ‘exposure-effect assessment’ component of a full risk-asssessm...
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